Project-Based Learning and Translation Shifts in the Descriptive Texts: A Qualitative Study among Indonesian English Education Students
Keywords:
project-based learning, descriptive text, translation, shift type, English education student
Abstract
This study was to know the use of shift types in the translation of descriptive texts found in the online English Textbook published for grade 10th students in Indonesia. It engaged 39 English Education Study Program students of the University of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, Indonesia, to use Indonesian linguistic codes to replace English linguistic codes in the translation of descriptive texts. It applied a qualitative method design and randomly selected 4 projects out of 39 student-translation project portfolios. Three concurrent activities: data collection/reduction, data display, and conclusion draw/verification were used to analyze the shift types. The results were dominantly structure shifts, 83.3%, and unit shifts, 16.7%, in project 1; structure shifts, 100%, in project 2; unit shifts, 57.14% and class shifts, 21.42%, in project 3; and level shifts, 40.74%, and structure shifts, 44.44% in project 4. The students tended to used structure shifts and class shifts to keep translation fidelity, accuracy, adequacy, fluency, and coherence from English descriptive texts into Indonesian through Project-Based Learning. It needs to engage more subjects and data to shed pedagogical light to improve students’ ability in the translation of English narrative texts into Indonesian.
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Istiqomah, L., Setyowati, A., & Maghfiroh, A. (2021). Translation Shift in The English-Indonesian Translation Sherif Hetata ’ s “ Woman at Point Zero ” Novel. Journal Of English Language Literature and Teaching, 5(1), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.31002/metathesis.v5i1.2829
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Ali, H. ibrahim holi, & AL-Rushaidi, S. M. S. (2016). Translating Idiomatic Expressions from English into Arabic: Difficulties and Strategies. Arab Word English Journal, 7(4), 187–201. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol7no4.13
Almijrab, R. A. (2025). The Interplay of Linguistic and Cultural Factors in Translating Sensitive Texts. International Journal of Cultural and Religious Studies, 8(9), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijcrs
Almulla, M. A. (2020). The Effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning ( PBL ) Approach as a Way to Engage Students in Learning. SAGE, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020938702
Alomari, R. S., & Awadh, A. (2023). The Use of Category Shifts in the Translation of Scientific Texts. Journal Of Translation and Language Studies, 4(2), 86–109. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.48185/jtls.v4i2. 839 The
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Azamatova, A., Bekeyeva, N., Zhaxylikova, K., Sarbassova, A., & Ilyassova, N. (2023). The Effect of Using Artificial Intelligence and Digital Learning Tools based on Project-Based Learning Approach in Foreign Language Teaching on Students’ Success and Motivation Ariya. International Journal Of Education In Mathematics, Science And Technology, 11, 1458–1475. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.3712
Bakar, N. I. A., Noordin, N., & Razal, A. B. (2019). Improving Oral Communicative Competence in English Using Project-Based Learning Activities. Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education, 12(4), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n4p73
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Bhangu, S., Provost, F., & Caduff, C. (2023). Introduction to qualitative research methods - Part i. Perspectives in Clinical Research, 14(1), 39–42. https://doi.org/10.4103/picr.picr_253_22
Budiarti, M., Ferguson-patrick, K., & Macqueen, S. (2023). Global Project-Based Learning as an Approach to Teaching the 4Cs in Schools Indonesia Corresponding author : [email protected] © 2012 / 2023 National Council for Social Studies International Assembly Corresponding author : Suzanne.macqueen. Journal of International Social Studies, 11, 33–62. https://iajiss.org/index.php/iajiss/article/view/609
Čarapić, D. (2022). Importance Of Translation In Teaching And Learning English. 10, 261–276. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22190/JTESAP2202261C
Catford, J. (1969). Learning A Language In The Field: Problems Of Linguistic Relativity. The University Michigan.
Doherty, S. (2017). Issues in human and automatic translation quality assessment. January.
Donkoh, S., & Mensah, J. (2023). Application of triangulation in qualitative research. Journal of Applied Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 10(1), 6–9. https://doi.org/10.15406/jabb.2023.10.00319
Fitria, T. N. (2020). Translation Shift in English into Indonesian Subtitle of Guzaarish Movie. Journal of Language and Literature, 20(2), 307–317. https://doi.org/10.24071/joll.v20i2.2601
Gavhar, O. (2024). CULTURAL FACTORS IN TRANSLATION. 231–233. www.samdchti.uz
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Gong, M., Group, F., & Gong, M. (2025). The neural network algorithm-based quality assessment method for university English translation method for university English translation. Network: Computation in Neural Systems, 36(3), 649–661. https://doi.org/10.1080/0954898X.2024.2338446
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Hanafi, Wafa, A. F., & Fattah, Z. (2025). Citizenship Project as a Collaborative-Participatory Learning Model in the Learning of Civics Education Courses in Higher Education. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 6(2), 1431–1439. https://ijble.com/index.php/journal/index%0ACitizenship
Hanifa, L., & Safitri, L. (2024). Analysis of Students ’ Ability to Use Simple Present Tense in Writing Descriptive Texts. Journal of Educational Management and Strategy, 03(01), 2964–4283.
Hawari, A. D. M., & Noor, A. I. M. (2020). Project Based Learning Pedagogical Design in STEAM Art Education. Asian Journal of University Education (AJUE), 16, 103–111. https://doi.org/10.24191/ajue.v16i3.11072
Huda, K., & Purwanti, D. (2023). Universitas Islam Darul Ulum Lamongan Revised: 14. Edulitics Journal, 8(1), 45–51. http://e-journal.unisda.ac.id
Hussein, & Bassam. (2021). Addressing Collaboration Challenges in Project-Based Learning: The Student’s Perspective. Education Sciences, 11(8), 434. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11080434
Ibrahim, M. A. E. (2017). Strategy to Solve Translation Problems ( A Case Study of College of Education-Dongla University ). International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 5(3), 576–586. www.researchpublish.com
Imami, T. R., Mu’in, F., & Nasrullah. (2021). Linguistic and Cultural Problems in Translation. Atlantis Press, 587(Icella), 178–186.
Istiqomah, L., Setyowati, A., & Maghfiroh, A. (2021). Translation Shift in The English-Indonesian Translation Sherif Hetata ’ s “ Woman at Point Zero ” Novel. Journal Of English Language Literature and Teaching, 5(1), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.31002/metathesis.v5i1.2829
JABAK, O. O., ABDULLAH, S. N. S., & Mustapha, N. F. (2016). The Difficulty of Translating Collocations from Arabic into English Encountered by a Sample of Arab Students. 3(Jun).
Kaeedi, A. (2023). The Quantitative and Qualitative Study of the Effectiveness of the Problem- based Learning Approach in Teaching Research Methods. Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice Volume, 20(5). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53761/j0vgdc19
Kizi, M. F. M. (2022). Translation And Its Main Types. Scientific Journal Impact Factor Advanced Sciences Index Factor, 2(3), 1425–1430. www.oriens.uz
Kızkapan, O., & Bektaş, O. (2017). The Effect of Project Based Learning on Seventh Grade Students ’ Academic Achievement. International Journal of Instruction, 10(1), 37–54. www.e-iji.net
Klosi, I., & Bezhani, E. (2023). Teaching Translation : Challenges And Responsibilities. 61, 923–927.
Korneeva, A., Kosacheva, T., & Parpura, O. (2019). Functions of language in the social context. EDP Sciences, 00064, 1–5. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196900064 Conative
Kovacs, G. (2018). New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and. 3(3), 155–164.
Kristen, M. (2018). The Routledge Handbook of Translation Studies and Linguistics (T. and F. Group (ed.); 1st ed.). Routledge.
Li, L., Ismail, S. m, Patra, I., & Lami, D. (2024). a focus on the efficacy of philosophy-based language instruction and its consequences on EFL learners’ critical thinking, engagement, and academic achievement. BMC Psycology. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01648-2
Maksum, H., & Purwanto, W. (2022). The Development of Electronic Teaching Module for Implementation of Project- Based Learning during the Pandemic. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 10(2), 293–307. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.2247
Manipuspika, Y. S. (2021). The Effectiveness of Translation Quality Assessment ( TQA ) Models in the Translation of Indonesian Students. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, 4(5), 287–297. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijllt
Maros, M., Korenkova, M., Fila, M., Levicky, M., & Schoberova, M. (2021). Project-based learning and its effectiveness : evidence from Slovakia. Interactive Learning Environments ISSN:, 31(7), 4147–4155. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.1954036
Mattimoe, R., Hayden, M. T., Murphy, B., & Ballantine, J. (2021). Approaches to Analysis of Qualitative Research Data : A Reflection on the Manual and Technological Approaches Approaches to Analysis of Qualitative Research Data : A Reflection on the Manual and Technological Approaches. Accounting, Finance, & Governance Review, 1. https://doi.org/10.52399/001c.22026
Mayekti, M. H., Faiza, D., Christanty, A., & Bestari, Y. (2022). An Analysis of Writing Descriptive Text at the Second Semester Students ’ English Language Teaching UNU Purwokerto. English Education, Linguistics, and Literature Juournal, 1(1), 30–36. https://jurnal.unupurwokerto.ac.id/index.php/educalitra
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Mokhtar, A. M. L. El. (2023). Culture-Based Difficulties in Translation. African Journal of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences (AJASHSS), 2(1), 133–143. https://aaasjournals.com/index.php/ajashss/index
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