Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Stigma Masyarakat tentang COVID-19 di Kota Medan
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 was declared a pandemic and a global health problem by WHO on March 11, 2020. In Indonesia, cases of COVID-19 that were confirmed positive mentioned 4.204.116 cases and the number of deaths was 141.258 cases on September 24, 2021.The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on the occurrence of social stigma against a person or group of people who experience physical disorders due to the SARS CoV-2 virus. A COVID-19 patient can feel threatened by being labeled a carrier of the disease and a danger to others. One of the factors that can cause stigma is knowledge.
Objective: This study aims to analyze knowledge with public stigma about COVID-19 in Medan City.
Methods: This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The target population in this study is the residents of Medan city. Sampling used the snowball sampling method. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.
Results: From 227 respondents, knowledge about COVID-19 was obtained with good results in 140 respondents (61.7%) and public stigma about COVID-19 showed low stigma in 154 respondents (67.8%). The Chi-Square test results showed a p-value = 0.001.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between knowledge and public stigma about COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19, Knowledge, Public Stigma
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: COVID-19 dinyatakan sebagai pandemi dan masalah kesehatan global oleh WHO pada 11 Maret 2020. Di Indonesia kasus COVID-19 yang terkonfirmasi positif berjumlah 4.204.116 kasus dan jumlah kematian sebanyak 141.258 kasus pertanggal 24 September 2021. Pandemi COVID-19 berdampak terhadap terjadinya stigma sosial terhadap seseorang atau sekelompok orang yang mengalami gangguan kondisi fisik akibat virus SARS CoV-2. Seorang pasien COVID-19 dapat merasa terancam karena diberi label penyebar penyakit dan membahayakan orang lain. Salah satu faktor yang dapat menimbulkan stigma adalah pengetahuan.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengetahuan dengan stigma masyarakat tentang COVID-19 di Kota Medan.
Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Populasi target pada penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Kota Medan. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan snowball sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square.
Hasil: Dari 227 responden didapatkan pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 dengan hasil baik pada 140 responden (61,7%) dan stigma masyarakat tentang COVID-19 menunjukkan stigma rendah sebanyak 154 responden (67,8%). Hasil analisis uji Chi-Square menunjukkan nilai p = 0,001.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan stigma masyarakat tentang COVID-19.
Kata Kunci: COVID-19, Pengetahuan, Stigma Masyarakat
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