Kajian Eksperimental Daya dan Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Mesin Pembakaran Internal dengan Bioetanol dari Sorgum sebagai Sumber Energi Terbarukan
Keywords:
bioethanol, engine power, fuel consumption
Abstract
The dependence on fossil fuels as a primary energy source has led to serious environmental and economic problems, including the scarcity of non-renewable natural resources and significant environmental impacts. There is a need to find cleaner and more sustainable renewable energy sources to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate environmental damage. One promising alternative is bioethanol from sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor). The liquid from sorghum stalks is fermented and distilled to produce bioethanol, which is then blended with gasoline (Pertamax) in various concentrations (E10, E20, and E30). A dynotest was used to measure the power output, and a measuring cup was used to test the fuel consumption of a single-cylinder gasoline engine at idle speed. Engine power and fuel consumption were the parameters analyzed. The research showed that the higher the bioethanol content in the fuel, the more fuel-efficient it became, but the higher the power output generated by the engine. The E30 blend produced the best results in terms of engine power and fuel consumption. This is due to the more uniform fuel mixture, which results in better fuel expansion. These findings support sorghum bioethanol as a sustainable alternative fuel and promote a shift towards clean energy in industry and transportation.
References
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Suyanto, W. (1989). Teori Motor Bensin. Jakarta: Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi.
Szambelan, K., Nowak, J., Szwengiel, A., & Jeleń, H. (2020). Comparison of sorghum and maize raw distillates: Factors affecting ethanol efficiency and volatile by-product profile. Journal of Cereal Science, 91, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2019.102863
Szambelan, K., Szwengiel, A., Nowak, J., Frankowski, J., & Jeleń, H. (2023). Bioethanol production from sorghum grain with Zymomonas mobilis: increasing the yield and quality of raw distillates. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 103(12), 6080–6094. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.12688
Wiratmaja, I. G., & Elisa, E. (2020). Kajian Peluang Pemanfaatan Bioetanol Sebagai Bahan Bakar Utama Kendaraan Masa Depan Di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Undiksha, 8(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.23887/jptm.v8i1.27298
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Yasa, I. P. G. K. Y., Dwipayana, A. D., & Kusuma, I. G. B. W. (2023). Analysis of motor vehicle performance by using bioethanol from sorghum. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0114152
Abdulsalam A. A , Aliyu S , Bashar B. L, Danillela U Y, Ahmad Z.U , Aminu M.B6, G. L. A. (2024). Bioethanol: A Sustainable Liquid Fuel as Substitute to Gasoline. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 12(7), 360–371. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63555
Aydın, H., & İlkılıç, C. (2017). Air pollution, pollutant emissions and harmfull effects. Journal of Engineering and Technology, 1(1), 8–15. https://doi.org/dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jetech/issue/33471/356673
Deshavath, N. N., Veeranki, V. D., & Goud, V. V. (2019). Lignocellulosic feedstocks for the production of bioethanol: availability, structure, and composition. In In Sustainable Biofuels (pp. 1–19). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-817654-2.00001-0
Fayyazbakhsh, A., Bell, M. L., Zhu, X., Mei, X., Koutný, M., Hajinajaf, N., & Zhang, Y. (2022). Engine emissions with air pollutants and greenhouse gases and their control technologies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 376(369), 134260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134260
Kumar, P. G., Lekhana, P., Tejaswi, M., & Chandrakala, S. J. M. T. P. (2021). Effects of vehicular emissions on the urban environment-a state of the art. Materials Today: Proceedings, 6314–6320. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.739
Kurniawan, A. D., & Suprajitno, T. (2014). Analisa Penggunaan Bahan Bakar Bioethanol Dari Batang Padi Sebagai Campuran Pada Bensin. Jurnal Teknik ITS, 3(Vol 3, No 1 (2014)), F34–F38. Retrieved from http://ejurnal.its.ac.id/index.php/teknik/article/view/5767
Manisalidis, I., Stavropoulou, E., Stavropoulos, A., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2020). Environmental and health impacts of air pollution: a review. Frontiers in Public Health, 8(14), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00014
Monasari, R., Qosim, N., Kasijanto, K., & Firdaus, H. (2020). Analisa Emisi Campuran Bahan Bakar Bensin–Bioetanol dengan Zat Aditif Pada Performa Mesin Spark Ignition 125cc. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin, 9(1), 28–32. https://doi.org/10.23887/jptm.v9i1.31797
Morrissey, K. G., Thoma, G., & López, D. E. (2021). Life cycle impact assessment of biofuels derived from sweet sorghum in the US. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 14(166), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-021-02009-6
Prasad, S., Sheetal, K. R., Renjith, P. S., Kumar, A., & Kumar, S. (2019). Sweet sorghum: An excellent crop for renewable fuels production. In Prospects of Renewable Bioprocessing in Future Energy Systems (pp. 291–314). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14463-0_11
Roni, K. A., Kartika, D., Apriyadi, H., & Herawati, N. (2019). The effect of type and concentration yeast with fermentation time and liquifaction variations on the bioethanol concentration resulted by sorgum seeds with hydrolysis and fermentation processes. Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience, 16(12), 5228–5232. https://doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.8591
Sebayang, A. H., Ibrahim, H., Dharma, S., Silitonga, A. S., Ginting, B. B., & Damanik, N. (2020). Pengaruh campuran bahan bakar pertalite-bioetanol biji sorghum pada mesin bensin. Jurnal Teknosains, 9(2), 91–180. https://doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.40502
Setyadi, P. (2016). Campuran Bahan Bakar Pada Mesin Kendaraan Sepeda Motor 4 Langkah Dengan Komposisi 10 %,. Jurnal Konversi Energi Dan Manufaktur UNJ, 3(1), 13–22.
Soenarta, N. (1985). Motor Serba Guna. Jakarta: Paradnya Paramita.
Sugiyarto. (2021). Pengaruh Pemanasan Bahan Bakar Bensin Melalui Media Pipa Alumunium Di Dalam Upper Tank Radiator Terhadap Emisi Gas Buang Karbon Monoksida (CO)Pada Daihatsu Taruna Tahun 2000. Jurnal Mekanik Terapan, 2(1), 26–32. Retrieved from http://jurnal.pnj.ac.id/index.php/jmt
Suyanto, W. (1989). Teori Motor Bensin. Jakarta: Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi.
Szambelan, K., Nowak, J., Szwengiel, A., & Jeleń, H. (2020). Comparison of sorghum and maize raw distillates: Factors affecting ethanol efficiency and volatile by-product profile. Journal of Cereal Science, 91, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2019.102863
Szambelan, K., Szwengiel, A., Nowak, J., Frankowski, J., & Jeleń, H. (2023). Bioethanol production from sorghum grain with Zymomonas mobilis: increasing the yield and quality of raw distillates. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 103(12), 6080–6094. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.12688
Wiratmaja, I. G., & Elisa, E. (2020). Kajian Peluang Pemanfaatan Bioetanol Sebagai Bahan Bakar Utama Kendaraan Masa Depan Di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Undiksha, 8(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.23887/jptm.v8i1.27298
Tenaya, I. G. N. P. ., Sukadana, I. G. ., & Pratama, I. G. N. B. S. . (2013). Pengaruh Pemanasan Bahan Bakar Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Mesin. Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur, 6(2), 95–202.
Yasa, I. P. G. K. Y., Dwipayana, A. D., & Kusuma, I. G. B. W. (2023). Analysis of motor vehicle performance by using bioethanol from sorghum. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0114152
Published
2025-08-28
How to Cite
Sugiyarto, S., & Muhammad, R. (2025). Kajian Eksperimental Daya dan Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Mesin Pembakaran Internal dengan Bioetanol dari Sorgum sebagai Sumber Energi Terbarukan. SPROCKET JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, 7(1), 64-72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36655/sprocket.v7i1.1960
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